3–6 Importantly, preliminary work suggests that VSTM impairments are amenable to treatment 7 which may also facilitate language comprehension. Many studies suggest that a deficient VSTM can lead to difficulties with language comprehension. It affects the ability to immediately recall long sequences of auditory verbal material such as lists of words or digit strings. 1, 2 Impaired VSTM is common in patients with aphasia. It requires minimal attentional and other executive resources. It is limited in its capacity and in the time it can hold information. Verbal short-term memory (VSTM) is the passive storage of verbal information. These findings have clinical implications for predicting recovery of verbal short-term memory after stroke.Īphasia, lesion analysis, verbal short-term memory Introduction Sparing of these regions very rarely results in persistently poor verbal short-term memory. These data suggest that verbal short-term memory impairments are most consistently associated with damage to left temporo-parietal and basal ganglia structures. However, when the same regions were spared, only 5% (23/455) presented with digit span impairments. Even complete damage to one or more of these five regions was not consistently associated with persistent digit span impairment. Almost all (199/222 = 90%) had left hemisphere damage to five small regions in basal ganglia and/or temporo-parietal areas. Digit span impairments were observed in 222/816 patients. Third, we examined how often these lesion sites were observed in patients who either had no digit span impairments or digit span impairments that co-occurred with difficulties in speech perception and/or production tasks. Second, we studied the lesion sites in a subgroup of these patients ( n = 39) with left hemisphere damage and selective digit span impairment-defined as impaired digit span with unimpaired spoken picture naming and spoken word comprehension (tests of speech production and speech perception, respectively). First, we identified the incidence of digit span impairments in a sample of 816 stroke survivors (541 males/275 females age at stroke onset 56 ± 13 years time post-stroke 4.4 ± 5.2 years). Here we asked: How many different lesion sites can account for selective impairments in verbal short-term memory that persist over time, and how consistently do these lesion sites impair verbal short-term memory? We assessed verbal short-term memory impairments using a forward digit span task from the Comprehensive Aphasia Test. Miller has published an article - one of the most cited psychology papers - in which he examines the number 7, which is not only the digit span of most people.Prior studies have reported inconsistency in the lesion sites associated with verbal short-term memory impairments. More information about the working memory, a system temporarily holding information, can be found in the corresponding Wikipedia article. The tool’s most important features are auditive (English) and visual mode, adjustable time between two digits (1000 ms by default), and neither signup nor plugin requirements. It is available at the website /digit-span-test. I have written an online tool that lets the user determine their digit span test score. Most people manage to recap around seven digits. Right afterwards, the test subject has to recall the correct digits in the same order. The digit span test is a way of measuring the storage capacity of a person’s working memory: A testperson is visually or auditorily exposed to a sequence of digits one after the other.
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